Horizontally fired gas-oil burner



April 28, 1953 c. c. YOUNG HORIZONTALLY FIRED GAS-OIL BURNER 3Sheets-Sheet 1 F g. L

Filed March 12, 1951 young %w// 4-H 1 95 Cyril Charles Patented Apr. 28,1953 N TED "HQBI QNTA L FI GAS-OIL Cyril GharlesYeung, KansmQQityhMo.

- 16 (filaims.

les me! f t nement Iii w p em $9l1 2in fi 2iQ flIl P V closed in mycopending app1icati0n,U. S. Serial Jim- 133443; filed Se tem e 28 2 9 nw Pate .5 el esult .o thev in rea e us o il ee ip 'glig still ateslandthe increased demand 'for higher eet e uc s th u p o tr igh un m m w ie-i-siistill e end blends Q stra ght ruriwi h t etel sfimq ediu lsere isnfiic nt i Sup- ;glxme t e ne ds r ..su h u l .for eatipe purposes.

,9?? ;o the mq iert l urce o au i iar 11 0? upplemen the aveilebl sup y.0? h a in fli tillete is s fr m the A, oup o s be ytiqe' ly ever,-.-,tha h roce s pf a al i crackin he eftendeneytoinroduc .e hyd cerbQn mocul streetur Whi hanged from th t a ht ma n-ty J10 the. so e br nch haia 3m ehfd ,o efin .t pe\molew e "T us. a a yt eeel y-vpm ted liuel ererge ere me e 11mult t b rn thanstraigh -run .hee ie ;d ti

M e 1 .cetelmq ly... ;re 1;e@1 iuel a .sthwtu mu provided which willretard the proeess'pfe0mhxi -stiqnin its s co ary pha top jomq Wh keowneeld .11 does. t pe of cqmbu ionfi eth nword wat vap r mu be createdfi mgthe imtie sstaees 9f 9mbust on t p mt };hy(j;q ;gen jrqm the fuel tounite with'oxy'gen item (the e. hereby ro iding a swelled".fweterages".. .ea.qtlq eth h tempe u s iQ combustion.

v.L+% ;g:. d..in -t the enera fea u e fr vPresegqt v entie a heuzentajlyfired-burner hhitis pmygded vethi .inclusies. eo bu fion ch m whereinapertpf the incoming combustion suppoqzting air is ;qi1uted with 'fiamegases. The heme ga ses 'are eontrolled within the cembustfflpn ehamberto dilute the airand fuel vapers, a -r-ecizeu1etion flow beingestablished zthe yaperizer-eompamtment -solthet grecimuletionhof 5&@QQQIQQSQQ imggnmgn;

s -P e eqlfih eccpme eteineqv h e -Pum mmei'ci ivule-se elytiqelk; s sregre ee.. l9l t-p thi inv n i to of bemg firedin"axhdriontell-bdsitibhigthep qb'ect gf the .presen rivetitien is to ;Fig-u lje -i2. is 11 1enlarged 61 053 sectional eview a-wlth-parts shewn in elevatieh ar idwith parts iliareklen away 91? the burner unit shown i-n Figt. he?

.i ig urea;3 is asfrggmenterytenlargeddenoss sec- ;ttlone-l, sewwithepelntssremoved :iOl\.:17he,Sa 1k.=Df i ar tsn ehewsinea hlhoiztqmeseetion aQt; they eentr l --c9re smolect sh t apprizer tpqmp rFigure 4 is a schematic cross sectional view illustrating the flamepattern within the vaporizer compartment; and

Figure 5 is a fragmentary schematic cross sectional View showing the airflow current patterns established within a portion of the vaporizationcompartment in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

As shown on the drawings- The burner unit of the present invention isindicated generally by the reference numeral Ill and includes a doublewall casing II forming a generally cylindrical vaporizer compartment I2,surrounded by an air chamber I3.

The front wall of the compartment I2 is indicated by the referencenumeral I4 and is provided with a generally horizontally disposed burnerport It which is formed by a tapered throat II diverging outwardly fromthe vaporizer compartment I2.

The back Wall of the compartment I2 is indicated by the referencenumeral Ill and includes a central core l9 formed by two concentricallyspaced tubular members joined at one end which project normal to theback wall I8 through the vaporizer l2 toward the burner port I6. Thus,the vaporizer compartment is provided with an annular combustion chambersurrounding a hol low center core.

An air inlet 20 is provided through which pressured air delivered from asuitable source may be provided to the air chamber 13.

A fuel inlet 2i is passed through the double wall casing ii and may beconnected to a suitable source of supply to maintain an adequate supplyof vaporizable fuel such as a catalytically cracked fuel in the bottomof the vaporizer compartment I2. It will be noted that the front wall itis provided with an adequate lip which :will retain a suitable amount ofvaporizable fuel in the bottom of the vaporizer compartment I2. A gasfuelmay be burned in the burner unit l8 in'a conventional manner throughgas-burnermixture tubes 22 mounted on a bracket 23 and arranged to becarried in aligned assembly with the inner walls of the central core I9.The gasburner-mixture tubes are arranged to fire through the burner portI6.

A pilot burner 2G is employed in the burner assembly for the purpose ofigniting the gas and oil fuels employed therein. The pilot burner 24 ispreferably located in the central core I9 and may comprise aburner-mixer of conventional design to supply a combustible mixture ofgas to ,a first burner port 26 arranged to ignite the gas emanating fromthe gas-burner-mixer tubes 22 and a port 2'I which is arranged to directa flame towards the supply of fuel in the bottom of the vaporizercompartment I2. of pilot burner ports 28 may also be provided The usualplurality intermediate the port 21 and the port 26 so that the ignitionof gas emanat ng from any one port ,will ignite the gas emanating fromthe remaining ports. The pilot burner 24 maybe equipped with the usualheat sensitive element 29 for the purpose of cutting out the fuel supplyto the pilot valve 24 in the event of failure of the pilot In operatingthe burner unit Ill on a gas fuel,

vided by the innermost tubular member forming partment I2.

'4 the central core I9. A tertiary supply of combustion supporting airis furnished through a plurality of ports about to be described inconnection with the oil operation of the burner unit I0.

As will be noted upon making reference to the drawings, the vaporizercompartment I2 is of generally cylindrical shape and in this particularembodiment the central core I9 is also of generally cylindrical shape,the two cylindrical elements being eccentrically offset relative to oneanother so that a combustion chamber is provided between the respectivecylinders at the bottom of which the liquid oil fuel may be vaporizedand partially burned.

In order to support the combustion of the liquid fuel, a supply of airis forced into the air chamber I3 through the inlet 26 by means of anysuitable blower, the structural details of which are not necessary tothe understanding of the principles of the present invention.

The lower portion of the central core I9 is provided with a plurality ofports 3I (Figures 2 and 3) which direct radially outwardly directedjets'of air downward upon the ignited liquid fuel at the bottom of thevaporizer compartment I2,

thereby to promote a rapid vaporization of the liquid fuel.

The inside wall of the double wall casing II is also provided with aplurality of aligned ports 32 which are arranged to direct jets of airhorizontally over the liquid fuel. The jets of air emanating from theports 32 intersect the jets of air emanating from the ports 3| therebycreating a turbulence which increases the combustion of the vaporsimmediately above the level of the supply of liquid fuel.

A plurality of ports 33 are provided in the front wall 14 and arearranged to direct jets of air rearwardly into the vaporizer compartmentI2 immediately adjacent the inner surface of the double wall casing i I.lhe jets of air through the ports 33 not only scrub the inner wall ofthe easing ll thereby avoiding carbon deposits thereon, but at the sametime assist in circulating the vapors and gases generated in the lowersection of the vaporizer compartment I2 toward the back of the vaporizercompartment as the vapors rise in the compartment I2 due to rapidexpansion under the effects of combustion.

The inner wall of the double wall casing II is provided with a pluralityof ports 34 which are arranged to direct the jets of air radiallyinwardly adjacent the back wall Ill. The jets of air moving through theports 34 not only serve to avoid the accumulation of carbon particles onthe back wall 58, but assist in circulating the vapors and gasesradially inwardly at the rear of the compartment I2.

The back wall i8 is provided with a plurality of ports 36 which arearranged to direct jets of air horizontally around the central core i9and directly adjacent the outer periphery thereof. The movement of theair through the ports 36 scrubs the peripheral surface of the centralcore I9 and also assists in circulating the vapors and gases toward thefront of the vaporizer com- As will be noted in Figures 4 and 5, thepattern of movement established by the provision of the ports 33, 34,and 36 is essentially a circular swirling motion indicated by the arrowsin.

Adjacent the end of the central core I9, a

.plurality of ports 38 is provided which are arranged to direct jets ofair radially outwardly thereby tending to block the immediate passageor: vapors-sand gasesia into otheimainta'hurner c1301?!ittandealso'further contributing toitherevoW-ingmotionzofslthe:.gaseousimixture within thewaporizercompartmentaiii.ltzwi'llxbeiunderstoodjthat the)del-ayingractionixvilltinsureia;longerexposure of the Eiu'el. vapors J to ltheienvironment .wof :rthevaporizer com.partment, :ithereby .rl-assisting min bringing about thecleancombustionzofitheiliquid fuel.

The -.cer =tral:- core is provided with .a vtapered front seotioni l'i 9in 1 which is iformed ea plurality of ports its arranged ato direct jets=..of a-ir idivergentl-y outwardly in the :general direction :of the"burner: portlt. The action of :the *jets r-of air moving through #:theports til i-is. to i-further delay; the exit of burningw-apors f-romithe 2 1a? por-izer compartment 1 2 ini order that the vapors canhefurther churned and -stirredlin-with' gradually increasing quantitcs-.of :-preheate'd lair, thereby to further promote' -the clean ;and:complots-combustion of==the combustible-vapors.

The-tapered section 39. of the 7 central oorei's terminates in aradially'extending wall-"M" hav ingformed therein a plurality 0f portsilarranged to direct jets ofair horizontally: through the burner portit. :The movement of -air through the ports =42 completes the supply-,of combustion supporting-air to the-inside core of the burningoilvapors,- and in addition, insures thatan additional supply of=-secondary air-may be provided through the bore to ofthe central coreit through an induction flow. Thus a core of fresh air is naaintainedadjacent the humor port lt-iorthe final combustion of any unburnedvapors and gases. -Moreover, since the core of combustion supporting airis induced to flow horizontallythrough the burner port Hi, thegasburner-mi-xture tubes-22 are ventilated and cooled thereby and-thepossibility-of damage to the tubes 22- is-mini-mized.

The tapered throat i'isurrounding'the-burner port it is-provided-withaplurality'otports- 43 which are arranged to direct jets of air forwardand inward into the burningvapors, thereby to assist incompleting thecombustion of all vapors located near-the outside of the circular bandof burning vapors "moving through the burner port Hi.

As is shown-in Figures 1 and- 2; the particular embodiment hereindisclosed additionally utilizes an L-shaped inspirator nozzle46-whichhas one "leg passing' through" the inner wall "of thedoublewall-casing H to establish communication with the air chamber l3and the other leg arranged to lie approximately on the central line ofthe'central core 19. A plurality of-ports 41 are provided in the end ofinspirator nozzle 46 and are arranged to project jets ofair-horizontallyforward through the center of the main burnerport 16, thereby givingadditional protection to the gas-burner-mixture tubes 22 and furthersupplementing the supply of combustion supporting air directly to thecenter of the core of burning vapors moving through the burner port it.

s Willbenotedin Figures Z -and 3, aplurality at r 8 located a o nd t emar in. era notch lfi formed in the central core 'l9. to.-ao commodateone leg of the pilot burner iiifi. Movement of air through the-ports iiieffectively sthe; p ssa e o burnin i vapors into-the central core IS.

The combined effect of the various groups of air jets moving into thevaporizer compartment 12 produces an intense, concentrated fire div .v.spiral' pathghatfik ardrnand iorwar my ofgilimlid tool to vaporize.ecmnartment through' ithfi: ma ntenance; silt.

It has been found that the bur pres n :im/e nn :is vzpa tic ts-lcan-teedccthe y unl ve -c i comma 2 113 1 3 at :dnm st .c:rflis lates chass-a a wlvticallyicr. ,ckedi-inel- :Fh c mbust nn air is highlypreheated While passing throughthe narro .iiassases :formine the. ir:Qhambe & l3 and the:leaseousinroductsiof mlai tion tram thevinitial-usages 1 inqmbust na ar oi ci atsd torn-rotate an especiallylenectivcs tir ins t cn as Well as to permit the use of such hydrogengasis .1.-ontaiursd:inv theinel aniline air..xwz .thin .the vaporizer comprtment li :The j t, pat ern: apidlrstirsand minesJinburn d u 1 vaporswith .sradual y inc ea in quant t s of preheated air andalscrst 'sv in111- c a ed quan ities. of .fiue :s se throu hout .the combu tion cycle.

it will be understood, ccflcourse tnat.a; person skilled in the ,art.might suggest :yarious minor modifications .to. the preferred;structural embodiment herein described 1 by way: of il1ustra tiveexampleonly; however, I do not-proposeto be limited to:theprecise-details .setout-iorsthe sake of claritynbut wishrtovembracewithin the scope of this patent all .such modifications as reasonablyandproperly comewithinthe scope. of my contribution to the art.

' I claimv as my invention:

1. In aburner unit,. casing meansforming a generally cylindricalvaporization compartment, said casing means having one-end wallhaving anopening to form a horizontally disposedburner port for the-compartmentand the oppositeend wall having a tube projecting into said compartmentto divide said compartment into any annular combustion chamber with; ahollow .center core, and means to. provide a supply of vaporizablefuel'to the lower portion or'said vaporization compartment, said.tube'having .a plurality of ports formed in the bottom portion'thereof;arranged to direct jets v of:.air. downward toward the fuel ;-in thelower portion of :said vaporization compartment, said casing meanshaving 84,131.11,- rality {of horizontally alis'ned ports .in the. lowerr ion -i re s. need to direc lists of ve .the-su f .-.o t uelrsadone:end wall having a ;-plura1i ty or" ports arranged to direct Jetsl-e rtb k into th vaporiz r compartmeni, ai :.QPnO- fin Ste a-11 :a'pura=litv o -lnor a ranse io s re t let -r ta r rwa s y throughsai va rizmmp tmen :Wherehy va ors arisin iromtne oil will .beihoroushlv churnedvthroughout the amiular combustion hamber.. sf r --z x =ih o th cnsh hurne 139. 117.

. =11? her'izo allrrfir rn runit-sc ms i ins rQmiMaW L si. rm-wea aias-h moma a ai m randha l il int i- .r ,ro.videdvwith whorit for thevaporization compartment, a back wall for said compartment, having aportion projecting through said compartment towards the burner port andforming a central core in said vaporization compartment, and means tomaintain a supply of vaporizable fuel in said compartment, said casinghaving openings formed therein to direct combustion supporting air fromsaid air chamber into said compartment.

3. A burner unit as defined in claim 2, said central core being providedwith openings arranged to direct jets of air downwardl towards thebottom of said compartment for rapid vaporization of fuel.

4. A burner unit as defined in claim 3, said front wall having portsaligned to direct jets of air backward into said compartment to scrubsaid walls of said compartment adjacent said front wall and to directvapors rearwardly in said compartment.

5. A burner unit as defined in claim 4, said back wall having portsaligned adjacent said core to scrub the peripheral walls thereof and todirect jets of air forwardly in said compartment.

6. A burner unit as defined in claim 5, said core having ports adjacentthe end thereof to direct jets of air radially outwardly for churningvapors in said compartment and delaying passage of burning gases intothe burner port.

'7. A burner unit as defined in claim 6, said front wall having atapered throat at said burner port diverging outwardly from saidcompartment, said tapered throat having ports arranged to direct jets ofair forward and inward into the burning vapors passing through saidburner port.

8. A burner unit as defined in claim 7, and a jet nozzle in said coreconnected to said air chamber and having openings arranged to directjets of air into the center of the burner port.

9. A burner unit as defined in claim 2, said central core being providedwith openings to direct jets of air towards the bottom of saidcompartment for rapid vaporization of fuel, whereby an intenseconcentrated combustion of vapors may occur above the level of said fuelin said compartment.

10. A burner unit as defined in claim 9, said front wall, said back walland said central core each having ports aligned to turbulently stirvapors arising around said central core with combustion supporting airpreheated by initial combustion in said compartment.

11. A burner unit as defined in claim 9, said core having openingsformed therein to direct jets of air radially outwardly to delay passageof combustion gases and vapors through said burner port.

12. A burner unit as defined in claim 11, said front wall having atapered throat at said burner port diverging outwardly from saidcompartment and being provided with openings in said throat arranged todirect jets of air into the burning vapors passing through said burnerport.

13. A burner unit as defined in claim 2, said casing having openings inspaced apart alignment to direct jets of air into said vaporizationcompartment tending to move burning vapors arising from the supply offuel in said compartment in a generally spiral path backward and forwardwithin the vaporizer compartment around said central core, thereby tocompletely fill said vaporizer compartment before discharge of thevapors through said burner port.

14. A burner unit comprising a double wall casing forming a vaporizercompartment surrounded by an air chamber, a front wall for saidcompartment having an opening therethrough forming a horizontallydisposed burner port, a rear wall for said compartment including aportion extending inwardly into said compartment toward said burner portand constituting a double wall hollow center core, and means to maintaina supply of vaporizable fuel in the lower portion of said vaporizercompartment, said rear wall, said casing, said front wall and said coreeach having a plurality of ports to direct jets of air from the airchamber into the vaporizer compartment, said ports aligned with respectto one another to direct the jets of air in different directions andthereby to circulate the vapors arising from the supply of fuel in thecompartment in a generally spiral path backward and forward within thevaporizer compartment around said central core, thereby to completelyfill the vaporizer compartment before discharge of the vapors throughthe burner port.

15. A horizontally fired combustion burner unit comprising, a doublewall casing forming a generally cylindrical vaporization compartmenthaving a horizontal axis, a front wall for said compartment having ahorizontal burner port therein, a back wall for said compartment, a pairof concentrically spaced tubular members joined at one end, said tubularmembers being generally normal to said back wall and projecting in thedirection of said horizontal axis toward said burner port to form acenter core surrounded by an annular combustion cavity in saidcompartment, said double wall casing providing an air chamber adjacentthe vaporization compartment, means to maintain a supply of vaporizablefuel in the lower portion of said vaporization compartment forvaporization in said annular combustion cavity, said double wall casinghaving a plurality of ports formed therein directing combustionsupporting air from said air chamber into said combustion chamber.

16. A horizontally fired burner unit comprising a double wall casingforming a generally cylindrical vaporization compartment having ahorizontal axis and surrounded by an air chamber and having a front wallprovided with a horizontal burner port for the vaporization compartment,a back wall for said compartment having a cylindrical core projecting inthe direction of said horizontel axis towards the burner port to providean annular combustion chamber in said compartment, means to maintain asupply of vaporizable fuel in said compartment, and said cas ing havingopenings therein to direct combustion supporting air into saidcompartment from said air chamber.

CYRIL CHARLES YOUNG.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 1,977,478 I-Iawley Oct. 16, 1934 2,083,832 Daniels June 15,1937 2,272,423 Moore Feb. 10, 1942 2,357,587 Hammell Sept. 5, 19442,386,556 Huston Oct. 9, 1945 2,392,757 Miller Jan. 8, 1946 2,409,677Grotenhouse Oct. 22, 1946

